The cellulose that remains after cotton ginning is a component used in the production of gunpowder. And from 2022 to today, Uzbekistan, one of the largest producers in the region and in the world, has massively increased its exports to Moscow precisely because of the conflict in Ukraine.

Since gaining independence from the USSR, Iran has been one of Turkmenistan's few foreign policy partners, with which it shares almost 1,000 kilometres of border. During Raisi's presidency, new cooperation agreements were signed, particularly in the energy sector. Fears of a possible exodus of the two million ethnic Turkmen living in the northern region of the country.

Prizes have been awarded for the national competition that has revived the practice of observing and photographing the country's beauty through the flight of its birds. A total of 335 different species have been immortalised by enthusiasts. A view that embraces not only animals, but also the people who live near them and many aspects of local culture and traditions.

With falling oil prices, double-digit inflation and a weak national currency, the World Bank predicts that growth in 2026 will not exceed 4.5%. And there is controversy in the country over the VAT increase, which could lead to a general decline in the standard of living of the Kazakh population.

The accounts of Mirziyoyev's daughters offer a glimpse into the private lives of their families, demonstrating the leaders' closeness to the people, an important element of today's “political technology”. The counter-current case of Nazarbayev's grandson who - having fallen into disgrace due to drug addiction - accused all his relatives of being “greedy and insatiable”.

Thanks to funding from the Asian Development Bank with Japanese cooperation funds, Tajikistan will strengthen its monitoring of glaciers and snow cover to prevent disasters linked to climate change. A loan has also been approved for Uzbekistan to improve water resource management.